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Overheating in schools: three areas for action

Environment
Estates
Sustainability
Image by Michaela 💗 from Pixabay

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Top takeaways

Extreme heat events are becoming more frequent, leading to school closures and lost learning. But even before the temperature hits 30+ degrees, learning is impeded. What can schools do to try and cool classrooms? We suggest three areas for action: 

  1. Behaviour changes. Have you got a heat procedure, ready to roll out?
  2. Consider how you can create more green and shady spaces around the school.
  3. Look at ways to shade the outside of the building. More investment but bigger impact. 

1. Behaviour change

Have a process or protocol in place for when a heatwave is forecast. Communicate clearly to pupils, staff and parents when this is being put into action. For example: 

  • Relax school uniform rules. E.g. Pupils can wear PE kit; no blazers or ties. 
  • Relax the staff dress code, if you have one. E.g. staff can wear shorts too.
  • Move classes to cooler rooms where possible.
  • Make sure drinking water is available and allow for refills between lessons. 
  • Adapt PE lessons so pupils aren’t physically active in the hottest part of the day. 

Actions around the site can make a difference too. For example: 

  • Turn off electrical devices wherever possible, at the plug. 
  • If the air outside is hotter than the air inside, keep windows closed, and blinds or curtains too if you have them. 
  • Open windows at cooler times, such as first thing in the morning, and try and get through-draughts going. 

2. Shade and green spaces

This requires more planning and investment of resources, but anything you can do to create shade and bring in greenery helps cool the estate. For example, large planters with drought-tolerant trees or shrubs. Shady structures, such as a pergola, where pupils congregate at playtime.

A more ambitious project could be greening the outside of a building with a living wall. For a case study of this in action, check out the Let’s Go Zero webinar, How cool is your school? The final part of the recording focuses on a primary school in built-up London, who have cooled things down with a living wall as well as olive trees to create more shade. 

Photograph of a school courtyard featuring a brick building with a green wall covered in plants and two blue clocks mounted above it.

Image from Let's Go Zero 'How cool is your school' webinar, showing Cleveland Road Primary School's living wall. 

3. External shading

Did you know that shading the outside of a building is much more effective than shading inside?

External blinds or shutters, awnings, even rigging up a sail – these are all ways to reduce temperatures inside. Brise soleil – which is from the French for broken sun – is where slats are affixed to a building’s exterior to diffuse the sun’s rays before they hit the glass. For an example, check out this school case study

Or this image from the Milwaukee art museum gives a more dramatic example of brise soleil in action.

Photograph of Milwaukee Art Museum showcasing its modern architectural design with white, wing-like structures and glass panels under a clear blue sky.

Constraints and investment considerations

If you're in a listed building, you are constrained as to what adaptations you can implement. For example, you may not be able to affix structures to the exterior, and even solar reflective film on windows may not be an option. 

Funding is another constraint: these bigger, structural changes require investment. But find out what grants are available in your area and investigate what’s possible. Start with our top tips in Five steps to effective school fundraising.

The evidence is clear: extreme heat events are becoming more frequent. So investing to protect future pupil learning, as well as preventing school closures, is well worth it. 

Areas for reflection and action

  • Even at temperatures of 24℃ and above, it gets harder for pupils to learn – see this report from the BBC on research done in the US on the connection between temperature and exam results. What adaptations or behaviour changes can you implement to try and keep things cool in the summer months? 
  • Are climate change risks on your risk register? Is there a plan to reduce the risk of overheating in your setting? 
  • Can you use this June heatwave as an incentive to reconsider investment proposals? For example, if you’re trying to persuade decision-makers to install solar panels, would the thought of reduced electricity bills for aircon use tip the balance?  
  • Do you think that heat in your setting is impeding pupil performance in exams and assessments? Can this help make the case for investment of resources? 

Reading and resources

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